Fermion particles are described by Fermi–Dirac statistics and have quantum numbers described by the Pauli exclusion principle. Many other hypothetical elementary particles, such as the graviton, have been proposed, but not observed experimentally.įermions are one of the two fundamental classes of particles, the other being bosons. All the particles of the Standard Model have been experimentally observed, recently including the Higgs boson in 2012. Fermions have half-integer spin while bosons have integer spin. Elementary particles are classified according to their spin. Many families and sub-families of elementary particles exist. They are the fundamental objects of quantum field theory. See Standard Model for the current consensus theory of these particles.Įlementary particles are particles with no measurable internal structure that is, it is unknown whether they are composed of other particles.
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